How to Get Copies of Your Past Income Tax Returns

You can get either exact copies or brief â€Å"transcript† of your past U.S. federal tax returns from the IRS. Typically, you can request copies or transcripts of Tax Forms 1040, 1040A, and 1040EZ for up to 6 years after they were filed (after which they are destroyed by law). Copies of other types of tax forms may be available for longer than 6 years. Exact Copies - $50 Each You can request an exact copy of a past tax return by using IRS Tax Form 4506 (Request for Copy of Tax Return). Note that you can only order 1 type of tax return per request form, which means you must submit separate Forms 4506 if you need different types of returns. Make sure your full payment (of $50 per copy) is included with your request. Also keep in mind that it may take the IRS up to 75 days to process your request.Copies of jointly filed tax returns may be requested by either spouse and only one signature is required. Allow 60 calendar days to receive your copies. Transcripts of Tax Returns – No Charge For many purposes, you can meet the requirements for past tax returns with a â€Å"transcript† – a computer print-out of the information on your old tax return – rather than an exact copy. A transcript may be an acceptable substitute for an exact copy of a return by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services and lending agencies for student loans and mortgages.A tax return transcript will show most line items contained on the return as it was originally filed. If you need a statement of your tax account which shows changes that you or the IRS made after the original return was filed, however, you must request a tax account transcript. Both transcripts are generally available for the current and past three years and are provided free of charge. The period in which you will receive the transcript varies from within ten to thirty business days from the time the IRS receives your request for the tax return or tax account transcript.You can obtain a free t ranscript by calling the IRS at toll-free 800-829-1040 and following the prompts in the recorded message.br/>You can also obtain a free transcript by completing IRS Form 4506-T (PDF), Request for Transcript of Tax Return, and mailing it to the address listed in the instructions. Why Would You Need Old Tax Returns? Why do thousands of taxpayers request copies of past returns every year? According to the IRS, there are lots of reasons, including: You Miscalculated: Something as simple as a minor math mistake on a tax form can leave you needing to resolve an issue with the IRS. Typically, you will need to re-file the return to resolve the problem.You Lost the Old Ones: Lots of taxpayers like or need to keep detailed tax records.You Need Proof: Many financial chores, like applying for a loan require proof of your past tax records.You Forgot Some Documents: The IRS might require you to recalculate your taxes is you forgot to attach certain documents. For example, you might need documents proving your deductions or a copy of a W2 form.You Are Filing for Bankruptcy: Let’s hope you never do, but if you are filing for bankruptcy you’ll need copies of your past tax returns. Being able to provide the bankruptcy court with a complete financial history is a top priority in the process. Note for Taxpayers Trying to Get or Modify a Home Loan To help taxpayers trying to obtain, modify or refinance a home mortgage, the IRS has created IRS Form 4506T-EZ, Short Form Request for Individual Tax Return Transcript. Transcripts ordered using Form 4506T may also be mailed to a third party, such as a mortgage institution  if specified on the form. You must sign and date the form giving your consent for the disclosure. Businesses, partnerships or individuals who need transcript information from other forms, such as Form W-2 or Form 1099, can use Form 4506-T (PDF), Request for Transcript of Tax Return, to obtain the information. These transcripts may also be mailed to a third party if there is consent for the disclosure. Note for Taxpayers Impacted by Federally Declared Disasters For taxpayer impacted by a federally declared disaster, the IRS will waive the usual fees and expedite requests for copies of tax returns for people who need them to apply for benefits or to file amended returns claiming disaster-related losses. For additional information, refer to IRS Tax Topic 107, Tax Relief Disaster Situations, or call the IRS Disaster Assistance Hotline at 866-562-5227.

The Use Of Psychiatic Disorders - 1229 Words

Initially, one of the popular uses of TMS was to map the motor cortex of the brain because the results could be easily observed and measured. TMS has also been used to study subjects such as visual information processing, language production, memory, attention, reaction times, as well as neurological diseases such as parkinsonism and multiple sclerosis. Psychiatry’s attention was drawn to the technique in the mid 1990s and since that time the potential use of TMS to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders has been under active study (Chae, Nahas, Li, George, 200). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Treatment for TRD Currently, repetitive TMS (rTMS) is the mostly frequently researched form of TMS as a treatment for TRD. When TMS†¦show more content†¦Transient headache after stimulation, which tended to diminish progressively over the treatment course and usually responded to over-the-counter painkillers, was reported by 25%-30% of patients. One of the greatest concerns raised with rTMS is the possibility rTMS-induced mania or hypomania because cases have been reported. However, overall incidence has been only 0.9%, making this a rare occurrence. Effects on cognition appear benign. Research has shown no significant evidence of impairment across a variety of neuropsychologic domains; some studies actually showed significant cognitive improvements (Downar, Blumberger, Daskalakis, 2016). Discussion ECT is a 75-year old technology that has changed little in that time, and is still being used within in the psychiatric community as the primary treatment for TRD. Despite its well document short-term success rates, it is time that a more advanced technology, which can offer the same benefits with fewer side effects, become the primary treatment for patients with MDD when all other treatment option have failed to provide them with relief of their symptoms. Additionally, some patients may not be willing to consider ECT as a treatment option, and therefore other, effective treatment options need to be made available. Because ECT has been in use for such a long period of time, there is a significant body of research that, asShow MoreRelatedSexual Predators2439 Words   |  10 Pagessexual predators under the age of 18. Relationships Power, knowledge, and resources are the three greatest discrepancies between offenders and victims in any relationship. Power comes in two forms, physical and emotional. Adults can use actual physical power or by their size use intimidation. Youth obtain a â€Å"sense of self† from adults, due to lacking life experiences to base their knowledge upon. Any compliment is good feedback and withheld praise or affection is interpreted to the child as being bad.

40th Anniversary Celebrations of Hot Wheels Free Essays

HOT WHEELS ® Kicks Off 40th Anniversary With Diamond-Encrusted Car At N. Y. Toy Fair Year-Long Celebration of Activities by  HWC Press 02-15-08 Hot Wheels ® today announced its year-long plans to celebrate the brand’s 40-year heritage at the 105th American International Toy Fair ®. We will write a custom essay sample on 40th Anniversary Celebrations of Hot Wheels or any similar topic only for you Order Now Anniversary activities were kicked off with the unveiling of a custom jeweled 1:64-scale Hot Wheels ® car, designed by celebrity jeweler Jason of Beverly Hills. This one-of-a-kind car, the most expensive in Hot Wheels ® history, was made to commemorate the production of the four-billionth Hot Wheels ® vehicle. The diamonds on the custom-made jeweled car, valued at $140,000, total more than 2,700 and weigh nearly 23 carats. The car is cast in 18-karat white gold, while the majority of the vehicle is detailed with micro pave-set brilliant blue diamonds, mimicking Hot Wheels ® Spectraflame ® blue paint. Under the functional hood, the engine showcases additional micro pave-set white and black diamonds. The Hot Wheels ® flame logo found on the underbelly of the car is lined with white and black diamonds. Red rubies are set as the tail lights, while black diamonds and red enamel create the â€Å"Red Line ®Ã¢â‚¬  wheels. The custom-made case that houses the jewel-encrusted vehicle also holds 40 individual white diamonds, signifying each year in the legacy of the Hot Wheels ® brand. | â€Å"Collaborating with Mattel on the jeweled Hot Wheels car was a dream project for me,† said Jason Arasheben, president ; CEO of Jason of Beverly Hills. The car is truly spectacular and will be a brilliant addition to anyone’s collection. † The vehicle was unveiled by multi-platinum recording artist and car enthusiast Nick Lachey, who grew up playing with the die-cast car line. In late 2008, this unique Hot Wheels ® vehicle will be auctioned off to benefit Lachey’s charity of choice. â€Å"Since its introduction, Hot Wheels has revolutionized boys’ toys and inspired automotive trends,† said Tim Kilpin, general manager and senior vice president, Boys and Entertainment, Mattel Brands. â€Å"The historic ctivities we have planned are a fitting tribute to the brand’s heritage and will allow us, and our fans, to celebrate this milestone year in true Hot Wheels style. † In 2008, Hot Wheels ® will honor the partners that have helped make the brand successful and will take to the road to celebrate the brand’s heritage with its faithful fans. These activities include: Hot Wheels ® Designer’s Challengeâ„ ¢ For the first time in its history, Mattel went outside of its in-house design team to seek new car designs and to honor the automotive partners that attributed to the success of Hot Wheels ® cars over the years. Car designers from Dodge, Ford, General Motors, Honda, Lotus and Mitsubishi designed their version of a Hot Wheels ® concept car based on the brand’s attributes of speed, power, performance and attitude. Each submitted design was created in a 1:5-scale model and unveiled this past October at the 2007 Specialty Equipment Market Association (SEMA) Show in Las Vegas. In late March the 1:64-scale versions will be available at retailers nationwide as part of the Designer’s Challengeâ„ ¢ product line. I’ve been involved in multi-million dollar concept car designs but not everyone can relate to these kinds of projects,† said Amaury Diaz Serrano, creative designer, General Motors. â€Å"But, everyone can relate to a Hot Wheels. Regardless of age, race or background, everyone has fond memories of playing with them. To be able to design for Hot Wheels is the closest I will ever get to winning an Oscar. † Hot Wheels ® Cross-Country Road Trip This summer, fans across the country will be invited to celebrate the 40th anniversary as Hot Wheels ® travels Highway 40 to bring together automotive enthusiasts of all ages. Kicking off at Mattel’s headquarters in El Segundo in mid-August, the road trip will make stops at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah; Speed, KS; Indianapolis; and Detroit, before culminating in a grand finale celebration on September 5 in Watkins Glen, NY — home to American road racing. There, Hot Wheels ® will partner with the Grand Prix Festival of Watkins Glen to participate in the annual celebratory kick-off event honoring the history of the town and race track. At each road trip stop, Hot Wheels ® will host a free event that will be open to the public. Each event will feature life-size Hot Wheels ® cars, kiosks where people can create their own custom Hot Wheels ® â€Å"drivers license,† family-friendly activities, and the opportunity to receive a commemorative 1:64-scale Hot Wheels ® car created especially for each stop, available in limited quantities. â€Å"40 years. Four billion cars. It is a year of exciting milestones for Hot Wheels,† said Geoff Walker, vice president, Wheels Marketing, Mattel Brands. â€Å"We just can’t wait to get on the road to celebrate with the millions that share the Hot Wheels passion. â€Å" How to cite 40th Anniversary Celebrations of Hot Wheels, Papers

Conference on Accounting and Management History - Free Sample

Question: Describe about a Report on Conference on Accounting and Management History ? Answer: Introduction: Best City Hotel Plc is a hotel company situated in London. It is a medium size hotel company. The management of the hotel company provides services to their customers by providing lodging facilities. The management of the Best City Hotel Plc has acquired the three-year contract with Sunset Holidays Ltd company to attract more customers towards the hotel company. The management has to pay 12 million to Sunset Holidays Ltd for acquiring a contract with the Sunset Holidays Ltd. But to accommodate all the customers in the summer season, the Best City Hotel Plc has to make additional rooms for their customers. This will help the Hotel Company to provide highest quality comfort to their customers. To make additional rooms, the management of the Best City Hotel Plc need more funds to add more rooms for their customers. The operational manager of the company has decided to raise their funds by adopting leasing strategy. The operational manager of the Best City Hotel Plc has decided to increase their funds around 3 million to acquire new buildings. By raising the funds for the company, the operational manager of the Hotel Company has decided to take new buildings on lease to provide high quality comfort to their customers (18th Conference on Accounting and Management History, 2012). This is why, the financial manager of the Hotel Company has raised their funds by 3 million to acquire new buildings on lease to provide high quality comfort to their customers. Alternatives Sources To Raise Funds for the New Project: There are many sources of finance are present in the market to raise the financial funds in the company. The operational manager of the Best City Hotel Plc has decided to increase their funds around 3 million to acquire new buildings. By raising the funds for the company, the operational manager of the Hotel Company has decided to take new buildings on lease to provide high quality comfort to their customers. Being the financial advisor of the Best City Hotel, I should not prefer to take the building on a lease (Accounting and Business Research. Special issue on: The societal relevance of management accounting, 2012). There are plenty of options present in the market to raise the funds of the Hotel Company to construct new buildings. If the management of the Hotel Company takes the building on the lease, then after ending of the contract, the company has to leave the building. This will create lots of problems to acquire other buildings. This is because if the Hotel Company can provi de high quality comfort to their customers, then the hotel will become renown in the market. The Hotel Company will attract more customers towards the hotel. If the Hotel Company purchases the building, then the management of the Hotel Company can increase their assets for the company. This will help the company to raise their assets value for the company itself (Bhimani, 2012). There are many types of sources present in the market to raise the financial funds for the company. The types of sources present in the market are described in the following points: a) Loans from equipment seller: It is short term loans. The company can get the loan amount from the market by selling the equipment of the company to the creditors and can take the loans amount from the creditors. When the company can pay back all the loan amount to the creditors of the company, the company can claim back the equipment from the creditors. The short-term bank loans mean the loan amount is given to the company for the small period (Chenhall, 2012). The interest rate on the short term loan is much less than the long-term loans. b) Mortgage Loans: Mortgage loans can be short term loans or long term loans. The company can get the loan amounts from the creditors of the company in the market. While taking the loans from the creditors, the company need to mortgage their equipment to the creditors of the company. When the company can pay back all the loan amount to the creditors of the company, the company can claim back the equipment from the creditors. The short-term bank loans mean the loan amount is given to the company for the small period. The interest rate on the short-term loan is much less than the long-term loans. The long-term bank loans mean the loan amount is given to the company for a long period. The interest rate on the long-term loan is much higher than the short-term loans. c) Bank Loans: In the modern days, the management of the small business company can increase their funds by taking bank loans for the definite period. The management of the company can keep some inventory to the commercial banks and can get the loans from the commercial bank. The company has to pay back the loan amount to the bank in a certain period and can get back the inventory kept with the bank (Bhimani, 2012). This is the best way to obtain loans by the company to increase the capital funds for the company. The company can take two types of loans from the commercial banks such as short-term bank loans and long-term bank loans from the commercial bank. The short-term bank loans mean the loan amount is given to the company for a small period. The interest rate on the short-term loan is much less than the long-term loans. The long-term bank loans mean the loan amount is given to the company for the long period. The interest rate on the long-term loan is much higher than the short- term loans. The most important things are commercial bank loans are easily obtainable from the market. Being the financial advisor of the Best City Hotel Plc, I would like to prefer to take loans from the commercial banks. This is because if the management of the company takes loans from the commercial bank, they can have a choice to take short term loans or long term loans (Third Global Accounting and Organizational Change Research Conference 2012, 2011). And if the management of the Hotel company can take loans from the commercial bank and can acquire buildings for providing services to their customers. After paying back the loan amount to the commercial bank, the management of the Hotel Company can increase their asset value by adding the land and buildings on the balance sheet of the company. Explanation of Various Types and Methods of Costs and the Effect of Pricing Policies: The various types of costs involved in the Best City Hotel Industry are described in the following points: a) Fixed Costs: The fixed cost involved in this type of industry are the cost of the land and building owned by the management of the Hotel Company. The assets purchased by the management of the Hotel Company to set up their business to provide the best quality services to their customers in the market. The other fixed costs of the Hotel Company are the salary paid to the permanent employees of the Hotel Company (Epstein and Lee, 2012). All this costs are known as the fixed costs of the Best City Hotel Plc. If the management of the hotel company takes loans from the commercial bank, then the interest amounts of the loan are treated as the fixed cost of the Hotel Company. b) Variable Costs: The variable costs involved in Hotel industries are the expenses of the Hotel company to give promotions for the company in the market. The expenses made by the management of the Hotel company for advertisements for the company in the market is treated as the variable costs of the company. The various methods of costs involved in the Best City Hotel Plc are described in the following points: a) Job Costing: The meaning of job costing is the specific expenses of the hotel industry to provide best quality comforts and services to their customers in the market (Groot and Selto, 2013). Job costing helps the management of the Hotel company to record the expenses made by the management of the hotel company to provide the best quality services to their customers. b) Contract Costing: The meaning of contract costing is to track the expenses made by the management of the hotel company to make a contract with the other companies to attract more customers towards the company. In this scenario, we have observed that the Hotel company have made contracts with the Sunset Holidays Ltd. In this case, the contract costing of the Best City Hotel Plc is 3 million. c) Batch Costing: The meaning of batch costing is the specific expenses of the hotel industry to provide best quality comforts and services to their customers in the market. It can also be described as the total expenses made by the operational manager of the hotel to provide services to their customers. Batch costing is similar to job costing (Horngren and Horngren, 2012). The effect of pricing strategies involved in the tourism industry are: The management of the Best City Hotel Plc should adapt certain pricing strategies to attract more customers towards the organization. The pricing strategies adopted by the organization are discussed in the following points: a) Penetrating Pricing: In this pricing strategy, the management of the hotel company can attract more customers towards the organization by setting the low price of their hotel rooms (Management Accounting Research Group Conference in Association with the Management Control Association, 2012). If the price of the hotel rooms is cut down by the management, then more customers will get attracted towards the hotel. b) Predatory Pricing Strategy: In this pricing strategy, the management of the hotel company can set the low price for their hotel rooms to compel out the competitors of the Best City Hotel Plc. c) Price discrimination: In this pricing strategy, the management of the hotel company can attract more customers towards the organization by segmenting their rooms in different classes and can set huge prices for their customers (Horngren, et al. 2012). The role of management accountants within the context of a travel and tourism industry: The main role of management accountants in the Hotel industry is discussed in the following points: a) The role of the management accountants of the Hotel industry is to prepare the financial statements of the Best City Hotel Plc. b) The role of management accountant of the hotel industry is to prepare the compliance audits of the Best City Hotel Plc. c) The management accountants of the company also help to prepare the budget for the Best City Hotel Plc (Management Accounting Research (2012) 23 (1) 1-60, 2012). d) The management accountants also help to assess the internal controls of the hotel industry. e) The management accountants of the hotel industry also help to maintain budgets for the hotel industry. f) They also help to perform the financial analysis for the hotel industry. g) The management accountant handles to track the transactions of the hotel and to track the financial status. h) The management accountants also maintain the good relations with the auditors and the investors of the hotel industry. i) The accountants also prepare and analyze the monthly financial data for the management of the hotel industry (Nixon and Burns, 2012). Conclusions: From the above scenario, it can be stated that the financial advisor of the Best City Hotel Plc should make additional rooms for their customers to provide the best quality comforts. The management of the Best City Hotel Plc needs more funds to add more rooms for their customers. The financial advisor of the Best City Hotel Plc should prefer to take loans from the commercial banks (Norman Belding MacintoshA tribute, 2012). This is because if the management of the company takes loans from the commercial bank, they can have a choice to take short term loans or long term loans. And if the management of the Hotel company can take loans from the commercial bank and can acquire buildings for providing services to their customers. After paying back the loan amount to the commercial bank, the management of the Hotel Company can increase their asset value by adding the land and buildings on the balance sheet of the company. The financial advisor also stated the pricing strategies of the hotel industry to attract more customers toward the hotel and the costs involved in a business of Best City Hotel Plc (Seal, et al. 2012). Reference List: 18th Conference on Accounting and Management History. (2012). Accounting History, 17(3-4), pp.517-518. Accounting and Business Research. Special issue on: The societal relevance of management accounting . (2012). The British Accounting Review, 44(2), p.130. Bhimani, A. (2012). Introduction to management accounting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Bhimani, A. (2012). Management and cost accounting. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Chenhall, R. (2012). Developing an Organizational Perspective to Management Accounting. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 24(1), pp.65-76. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2012). Advances in management accounting. Bingley: Emerald. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2012). Advances in management accounting. Bingley: Emerald. Groot, T. and Selto, F. (2013). Advanced management accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Horngren, C. and Horngren, C. (2012). Management accounting. Toronto: Pearson Canada. Horngren, C., Harrison, W. and Oliver, M. (2012). Accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Management Accounting Research (2012) 23 (1) 1-60. (2012). Journal of Management Accounting Research, 24(1), pp.233-234. Management Accounting Research Group Conference in Association with the Management Control Association. (2012). Management Accounting Research, 23(2), p.I. Nixon, B. and Burns, J. (2012). The paradox of strategic management accounting. Management Accounting Research, 23(4), pp.229-244. Norman Belding MacintoshA tribute. (2012). Management Accounting Research, 23(1), pp.1-2. Seal, W., Garrison, R. and Noreen, E. (2012). Management accounting. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Third Global Accounting and Organizational Change Research Conference 2012. (2011). Management Accounting Research, 22(2), p.140.

Kevin Fuentes Essays - English-language Films,

Kevin Fuentes Ms. Hill English 1A FYE 12/08/16 Inevitable Trap The idea of lying and deceiving has always been viewed as a negative trait and concept. As children we are always told that lying is a cruel thing to do, even being punished for it at times. What are adults trying to warn us about the use of lies? In the play Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare, Shakespeare shines some light on this ideology. He uses deception as the main mover of the story as it causing all of the action and drama within the noble people of Messina. Shakespeare shows us that there are different forms of deception some being for a cruel and sinister purpose and some others being not so harsh. However, he also shows that lying is always a dangerous concept to play with despite its motivation and intentions. Shakespeare uses the characters in the story to demonstrate this by showing its outcomes and the effect it can have another people. Shakespeare mostly relies on deception as the central mover of the story, showing how it can gravely affect other people's lives in positive and negative ways. Michael J. Cummings writes "The play relies mainly on deceit for its effectiveness.". This deception is very effective indeed; in terms of causing action and drama in the story. Every problem and situation in the story is caused by some form of deception. Whether its Don John trying to trying to humiliate his half-brother he dislikes with a passion or Don John using hatching deceitful plans to match people together. Deception even causes the climax of the story, being when Borachio comes up with a plan to discredit Hero, falsely accusing her of having relations with another man. They trick Don Pedro and Hero's soon to be husband Claudio by using Margaret as unknowing imposter of Hero. Borachio talks to Margaret calling her by Hero's name convincing the men that what Don John said was true (Shakespeare 3.2.78-90;101-102). This causes major issues ruining the love Claudio and Hero shared and essentially killing hero and her reputation. This use of deception to causing the stories situations is continuously seen throughout the entirety of the play. However, Shakespeare shows that not all deceptions are as sinister and evil as this one; some even being for a positive purpose. There are many forms of deception within the play such as illusions and

How Meteors Form and What They Are

How Meteors Form and What They Are Experienced stargazers are familiar with meteors. They can fall any time of the day or night, but these bright flashes of light are much easier to see in dim light or darkness. While they are often referred to as falling or shooting stars, these bits of fiery rock actually have nothing to do with stars. Key Takeaways: Meteors Meteors are flashes of light made when bits of space rock speed through our atmosphere and burst into flames.Meteors may be created by comets and asteroids but are not themselves comets and asteroids.A meteorite is a space rock that survives the trip through the atmosphere and lands on the surface of a planet.Meteors can be detected by the sounds they give off as they pass through the atmosphere. Defining Meteors Technically, meteors are flashes of light that occur when a small bit of space debris called a speeds through Earths atmosphere. Meteors may be only about the size of a grain of sand or a pea, although some are small pebbles. The largest can be giant boulders the size of mountains. Most, however, result from tiny bits of space rock that happen to stray across Earth during its orbit.   Looking at an incoming meteor descend through Earths atmosphere, as seen from the International Space Station. NASA How Do Meteors Form? When meteors hurtle through the layer of air surrounding Earth, friction caused by the molecules of gas that make up our planets atmosphere heats them up, and the meteors surface begins warm up and glow. Eventually, the heat and high speed combine to vaporize the meteor usually high above Earths surface.  Larger chunks of debris break apart, showering many pieces down through the sky. Most of those vaporize, too. When that happens, observers can see different colors in the flare surrounding the meteor. The colors are due to the gases in the atmosphere being heated up along with the meteor, as well as from materials inside the debris itself.  Some larger pieces create very large flares in the sky, and are often referred to as bolides. Meteorite Impacts Larger meteors that survive the trip through the atmosphere and and land on the Earths surface, or in bodies of water, are known as meteorites. Meteorites are often very dark, smooth rocks, usually containing iron or a combination of stone and iron. Many pieces of space rock that make it to the ground and are found by meteorite hunters are fairly small and incapable of doing much damage. Only the larger meteoroids will create a crater when they land. Nor are they smoking hot- another common misconception. Meteorite Hunters. NASA Johnson Space Center The piece of space rock that made Meteor Crater in Arizona, was about 160 feet (50 meters) across. The Chelyabinsk impactor that landed in Russia in 2013 was about 66 feet (20 meters) long and caused shock waves that shattered windows across a wide distance. Today, these kinds of large impacts are relatively rare on Earth, but billions of years ago when the Earth was formed, our planet was bombarded by incoming space rocks of all sizes. The fireball created as a superbolide flared over Chelyabinsk, Russia, on February 15, 2013. This was shot with a dashcam. Wikimedia Commons, CC-BY. Meteor Impact and the Death of the Dinosaurs One of the largest and most recent impact events occurred nearly 65,000 years ago when a piece of space rock about 6 to 9 miles (10 to 15 kilometers) across smashed into Earths surface near where the Mexicos Yucatan Peninsula is today. The region is called Chicxulub (pronounced Cheesh-uh-loob) and wasnt discovered until the 1970s. The impact, which may actually have been caused by multiple incoming rocks, had a drastic impact on Earth, including earthquakes, tidal waves, and sudden and extended climate change caused by debris suspended in the atmosphere. The Chicxulub impactor dug out a crater some 93 miles (150 km) in diameter and is widely associated with a huge extinction of life that likely included most dinosaur species.   Fortunately, those kinds of meteoroid impacts are fairly rare on our planet. They still occur on other worlds in the solar system. From those events, planetary scientists get a good idea of how cratering works on solid rock and ice surfaces, as well as in the upper atmospheres of the gas- and ice-giant planets.   Is an Asteroid a Meteor? Though they can be sources of meteors, asteroids are not meteors. They are separate, small bodies in the solar system. Asteroids supply meteor material through collisions, which scatter bits of their rock throughout space. Comets can also generate meteors, by spreading trails of rock and dust as they orbit the Sun. When Earths orbit intersects the orbits of comet trails or asteroid debris, those bits of space material can get swept up. Thats when they start the fiery trip through our atmosphere, vaporizing as they go. If anything survives to reach the ground, thats when they become meteorites.  Ã‚   Asteroid Vesta has supplied some meteorites that landed on Earth. NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA Meteor Showers There are a number of chances for Earth to plow trails of debris left behind by asteroid breakups and cometary orbits. When Earth does encounter a track of space debris, the resulting meteor events are called meteor showers. They can result in anywhere from a few tens of meteors in the sky per hour each night up to nearly a hundred. It all depends on how thick the trail is and how many meteoroids make the final trip through our atmosphere.   A sample of what a meteor shower provides in the night sky. The meteors of the Orionid Meteor shower appear to radiate from the direction of the constellation Orion. They are, in reality, bits of dust from a comet vaporizing in Earths upper atmosphere. Carolyn Collins Petersen

Conclusion of Logoplaste's Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conclusion of Logoplaste's Business Plan - Essay Example T analysis to analyse the micro and macroeconomic environment of the Logoplaste company with a view to determining the strategic option which can help secure the near and longterm future of the company. Logoplaste should direct its efforts at increasing its growth rate. This can be achieved by targeting local firms functioning in the current markets more aggressively and by securing the growth through propagation into new markets. Different measures are needed to be taken to put these actions into practice. These actions include but are not limited to conducting regular workshops and meetings to gain the perspectives and opinions of the staff members, contemplation of a growth strategy, conducting market analysis in the foreign economies where the company intends to expand, and investing in new technologies. Taking the proposed measures would help Logoplaste achieve the desired change in the long-term. Nevertheless, the company needs to conduct a thorough risk analysis before expanding internationally to maximize its chances of success. Earlier identification and targeting of the risks and taking appropriate measures to mitigate them is fundamental to successful expansion in foreign countries where the company has not done business before. In conclusion, Logoplaste is a very successful company and has all the potential and resources to grow internationally. In this age of globalization, a company cannot gain global recognition without expanding internationally and enlarging its consumer base across nations and geographic boundaries. It is anticipated that if Logoplaste places emphasis on the aforementioned actions in the report, it would not take the company long to position itself among the most successful global corporations and take its profitability to new

Performance Appraisals and Reviews Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Performance Appraisals and Reviews - Term Paper Example The workers are aware of what is expected of them and hence work towards fulfilling their expectations. Since annual appraisal are involving and time consuming for managers, they arrange to carry out surveys or reviews on a regular basis in order to simplify the annual appraisal process (Arthur, 2008).All members of the organization are subject to appraisal if the organization has to achieve its vision and mission and improved performance. Communication is vital in carrying out performance appraisal. The management discusses with the employees regarding their performance and areas that require assistance and also involve them in designing appraisal forms. Conducting annual salary reviews which coincide with performance appraisals have been criticized by many scholars but Chapman (2011) argues that using annual performance appraisal as the basis for salary review enables the firm to plan its finances for the next budget year. When carrying out performance appraisal, the managers shoul d ensure that the mode of appraisal is in line with the employment laws which prohibit all kinds of employment discrimination. For the employees to trust and accept the results the method used should be consistent; ‘same employee classifications should be evaluated based on the same criteria’ (Arthur, 2008). ... Procedure for Carrying out Performance Appraisal Proper planning and execution of staff appraisal ensures effectiveness, reliability and validity of the results. It also ensures acceptability by the appraisees hence commitment to achieve the set objectives. Involving staff in every step of the process is vital to ensure a feeling of ownership and commitment. The appraiser and appraisee prepare all the materials required for the appraisal such as past appraisal documents and achievement records. The appraisal form is designed by HR department or through collaboration with those being appraised and with the approval by management. Understanding the appraisal form by the appraiser and appraisee is vital in simplifying the process (Bohlander & Snell, 2010). The items to be discussed are sequenced and encompass all aspects of staff development. Self-assessment forms are given in advance for staff to appraise themselves by filling the forms. The next step is to clarify the purpose of the a ppraisal and the method to be used. The appraisee is informed on the date of appraisal and the venue and given ample time to prepare his/her own records. The venue should be carefully chosen in a private and quiet atmosphere for discussion. The layout of the room and sitting arrangement affects the behavior of the person being appraised. It is thus advisable to set the room in a relaxed atmosphere to reduce tension. Bacal (2003) argues that the managers should choose appropriate sitting position such as at a round table for more informal discussion and relaxed atmosphere. The introduction stage is vital in determining failure or success of the process. If the appraiser begins by criticizing the appraisee, he/she may feel uncomfortable and may lose interest

Economic systems envisioned by Adam Smith in An Inquiry into the Essay

Economic systems envisioned by Adam Smith in An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of The Wealth of Nations and Karl Marx in The Communist Manifesto - Essay Example The food in the farms is produced for the global village and manufacturers produce for the entire globe. The consumers of the products remain to be the entire world. Adam Smith however, unlike Carl Marx, believes the wealth of the nations’ originates from the ability of laborers to work, this being skill and also the proportion of the employed to the unemployed. He says, this is what differentiates the wealthy nation and the poor nation. In that, a wealthy nation has less people working but everyone due to the sill of the laborers has abundant and is satisfied. However, in poor nations, the labor is more but unskilled such that, the little that is produced is not enough for the nation (Smith, 1776). Unlike Carl Marx, this perspective draws to attention the skills of labor and the units thereof that are accommodated by the capital. Another perspective in the causes of the wealth of nations is division of labor. Both Carl Marx and Adam Smith agree that it has led to growth of wealth. However, according to Carl Marx, it has continued to grow the rift between owners of factors of production and its laborers. Division of labor according to Adam Smith has contributed greatly in enhancing wealth. This is because, first, it has led to specialization. There are different branches of trade more so in the manufacturing industry. The different branches have given rise to expertise per work space (Smith, 1776). This has led to labor’s ability to do more than when they aren’t specialized. Another aspect is that of time. Time is greatly saved in production when division of labor is involved. According to Smith, it becomes easier for a worker to perform his work with specialty without wasting time changing and adopting to new skill. Another important cause of wealth through labor division has been the technological inventions (Smith, 1776). It is rather true that when one has one focus on work, they are able to come up with easier

The introduction of Hong Kongs Disneyland Resort

The introduction of Hong Kongs Disneyland Resort Hong Kong Disneyland Resort, Disneys 5th resort and its second in Asia, opened at September 12, 2005. The resort is located in Pennys Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong. In present, the resort consists of 1 theme park and 2 hotels, with land reserved for future expansion. It is owned and operated by Hong Kong International Theme Parks, an incorporated company jointly owned by the Government of Hong Kong and The Walt Disney Company. Part and resort is one of four major business segments of the company; the other three is Consumer Products, Media Networks, and Studio Entertainment. Company Vision and Mission Hong Kong Disneyland Resort inspires happiness and delivers a world-class experience through creativity, great leadership and a passionate Cast. Beside, boost up the tourism and economic grow in Hong Kong. To realize this vision, the following are the strategic missions that the company has to be accomplished. To put Happy and Safety first To diversify it range of services Offer economical visiting package To deliver service deliberately from the heart Be a socially and environmentally friendly company To extent its main themes if possible Major Competitors Ocean Park, Japan Disneyland Resort, Shanghai Disneyland Resort, Singapore universal studios My career goal In the nearly future, I would like to become the Marketing Manager in Hong Kong Disneyland. As a marketing Manager, I will be leading my team to go through different challenges and difficulties and reach the goal of our company. In order to get the best desired outcomes, I need to be very knowledgeable about the marketing situation, well-defined my targeted customers and the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s vision. Through different marketing strategies and campaigns, I could help my company to bring maximum happiness to our customer. Skills and abilities likely desired by this company for Marketing Manager As the Marketing Manager of a theme park have responsible to develop and implement Hong Kong Disneyland marketing plan, specifically, consumer segmentation, advertising, publicity, alliance, direct marketing and strategic planning. Moreover, she should have ability to good communication, work well with a team, and manage effectively, including motivation, problem-solving and delegation skills The first step to reach this goal is to gain on-job experience-Ideal choice would be become the Marketing Assistant in Hong Kong Disneyland. The person in this position should assist the Marketing Manager in designing marketing plan, advertising, promotion, public relationship, distribution, customer relationship and market research. The person for this job should be creative, have a good communication skill and project management skill and most importantly, is a team player Analysis on the gap between the Marketing Director of Hong Kong Disneyland and my current skills sets. There are lots of skills required for an individual to become a Marketing Manager. Strong communications skill including the languages, English and Mandarin should be a must and any other languages will be an advantage. However, my written English and spoken Mandarin are weak in this stage. Although I am now studying Spanish, it will take years for me to learn and practice before I can use Spanish in practical use. Secondly, conceptual skills which are ability to see the big picture are a critical element. Since the tourism industry is easily influenced by external factors, the global business environment for instance, the Marketing manger should be ready for any changes and thinking solutions for any uncertain problems. For example, choose the right media, give creative solution etc. But up to this stage, I have limited experience in this area. Thirdly, delegation of work is must for the Marketing Manger of Hong Kong Disneyland. As she needs to work close with her sub-ordinates and many supplies for instance advertising agency, Public Relation agency, printing house, premiums house, the Manger needs to know how to delegate her work to different parties. It would be easier for me to pick up this skill set since I had experience in organizing the Marketing Society of City University of Hong Kong. Even though there are huge difference between the size and budget, I think the concept will be similar and it is easier for me to pick up when I have on-the-job training. Last but not least, the Marketing Manager of Hong Kong Disneyland should have a strong sense of understanding the cultural different among different countries. She needs to organize marketing activities and events with the people come from all around the world; she must know what the taboos for different countries are. Take TV commercial as an example, the scene of kissing will be common in most of the western countries, but it is forbidden in Indonesia and India. I do not have strong common sense in this field. Therefore, it would take time for me to learn those cultural differences. A three-year action plan In order to accomplish my goal and become the Marketing Assistance of Disneyland after my graduation, I will start to equip myself with the following three-year action plan. During these three years, I will make a good balance on both academic and extracurricular activities. Undoubtedly, studies are always being my first priority. In the first year of my university life, I will plan to strengthen my English (written and spoken) as this is an importance international language. Other than that, I would start learning Mandarin and Spanish as they are two of the popular languages around the World. Beside, joining the marketing department society will offer me lots of the chances meet with different students from different universities, different guests. In this case, I will be able to reinforce my communication as well as presentation skill while dialogue with others. Furthermore, there will be lots of opportunity for me to increase my organizing ability and the leadership skills as I have to help organize different events and activities. In the second year, I will plan to apply for the student exchange program and to join different kinds of self-enhancement workshops. By joining different kinds of workshops (like personal growth workshop, self-understanding workshop) I will have more chances to get know more about myself and make a better planning for the future. Applying for the student exchange program does not only broaden my scope of horizons, but also a good way to experience different cultures, different needs from people. In the final year, I will apply for a part time job or summer internship in a Marketing company. This can help me grasp the basic idea about the real marketing situation since gaining the working experience and understanding the process of it can assist me to make decision on my future work. Undoubtedly, my ideal company to be entered is Hong Kong Disneyland. My action planà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s deliverables e.g., the measurable evidence or indicators that you will be obtaining in the next three years There are five measurable deliverables for me in my action plan in the coming three years. Maintaining good academic result I will set my target GPA as 2.5 above which is the entry level for getting an interview from Hong Kong Disneyland Resort. Learning Languages My action plan is to take the Mandarin and Spanish course in City University. As I have started studying these two languages for a few years already, I will take the public examination (Mandarin II and Spanish I) in the coming three years. Moreover, attend the English activities (like debate, presentation skill) offered by school English learning centre would help me improve my English level. Joining Exchange program As mentioned above, understanding the cultural difference is an important asset of tourism industry like Hong Kong Disneyland Resort. I will well-prepared myself for joining the City University Exchange Program so that I can study abroad and learn different culture. Organizing Committee of Marketing Society There are lots of activities and event (e.g. Associate Sharing, Orientation Camp, Business Mentor and Mentee programs, Study Tour) organized by Marketing Society. Being one of the organizing committee of this group, I can well-equip myself with leadership, communication skills and delegation of work and these are the basic skill sets of a Marketing Manager. Applying Summer internship/Part time job Cultivate myself with practical marketing knowledge by interning or working within a marketing company. In there, I can shadow and understand the daily routine of marketing manager. Moreover, asking questions and offering suggestions would be good way to for me to gain experience. In conclusion, the career path to become Marketing Director in such an international company like Hong Kong Disneyland is not easy. I need to reach the goals step by step through hard work and effort.

Factors of Creation of Nationalism Essay -- Political Science

â€Å"It is nationalism which engenders nations, and not the other way round.† Such words were written by prominent social anthropologist Ernest Gellner in his work Nations and Nationalism (1983). Nationalism can be defined as a person or group’s loyalty and support for their nation, whatever that nation may be. This brings to light a very troublesome and tortuous subject. Expressed simply as Nationalism, this being is very controversial, many hailing it as a propitious concept, while others putting it down and viewing it in animosity. But what is more controversial & more complex would be the establishment of such. What effects its creation? What factors develop it? And what factors affect it the most? As with the topic of beauty, War, or Religion, nationalism and its roots are a again, a being of much controversy. Constantly being argued upon, assumptions of nationalism’s creation ranges from it being solely created upon historic, religious, social, geographical, and economical factors, or any combination(s) of the factors stated. An example of an argument which supports History as being the primary (and possibly the only) source of nationalism is prevalent within Margret Macmillan’s work The Uses and Abuses of History (2009) where she states that â€Å"History provides much of the fuel for Nationalism† and that the â€Å"celebration of the nation’s great achievements—and the shared sorrow at its defeats—sustain and foster it.† What she fails to mention is that there is more to development of nationalism than just history. Through my eyes it is evident that Professor Macmillan hasn’t fully grasped the depth, or simply has ig nored the other factors of nationalism. In respect to a nation and its nationalism, history has a major impact on its... ...D=567>. "French Revolution (1787-99) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2012. . "Lecture 11: The Origins of the French Revolution." The History Guide -- Main. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2012. . MacMillan, Margaret. The uses and abuses of history. Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2009. Print. Sebesta, Edward , and Euan Hague. "The US Civil War as a Theological War: Confederate Christian Nationalism and the League of the South." 22 (2002): 253-271. Print. "The Reformation." History Learning Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2012. . Gellner, Ernest . Nations and Nationalism. 1983. Reprint. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006. Print.